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Leova General Presentation
Leova short history
Leova District is placed in Republic Moldova south west part, on the left shore of Prut river and neighbors the Hînceşti, Cimişlia, Comrat, Cantemir districts.
The city Leova, as old commercial center, was present on all Moldova’s old maps from XVIII-XIX centuries.
The city Leova history begins from XIV-XV centuries, 1489 and 1495 can be considered as the dates for the city creation. The ancient documents confess that the city names comes from some groups of people living a nomad life, but beginning with the XV century they settled on this shore of Prut river. Coming from other places, the people were called lipoveni, and by time they started to call themselves leovens. In 1803 there were already 114 houses, and the community in which the people permanently settled started to be called Leova.
The city statute was received in 1940. Until 1885, one of the most important buildings from the city was the Church Saint Paraschieva, built in 1818. There were also 5 synagogues, few bars and small shops. The first school for the population children was opened in 1895. According to the official dates, from 1923 the small city of Leova had a surface of 169 hectares, had 16 roads, 2 markets and a public garden, the main road being called Chisină Street. The town was over a hill and had 2 lakes, Bujor and Potcoava.
Starting with XX century, in the city there were three primary schools, a Jewish high school and three banks. The city also had two steam mills, an installation for preparing the gas water. At the beginning of the century there were the first cultural institutions: a theater and cinema hall, a library. Towards 1904 the city of Leova was included in Ismail County. It had a total population of 3422 inhabitants, from which 2100 were Moldovans, 500 rutens and 800 jews. The city was also a border passing point to Romania.
The oldest communities from Leova district are:
• Sărăţica Veche, that appeared in 1700. The colonists from Tighina County were the first inhabitants. In 1878 The Church “Saint Peter and Paul” was built. In the community there were 82 houses, 333 inhabitants, wind mill, school and city hall.
• Covurlui, that appeared in 1700. There were 250 houses and 958 inhabitants, an orthodox church and two horses mills.
• Cupcuiul and Sărata Nouă appeared in 1723 – with 82 to 300 houses. The communities had also orthodox churches, primary schools, mills, small producers, bars, fiscal institutions and sanitary agencies.
Leova District consists of: 39 communities with 51.808 inhabitants. The most bigger part of them are Moldovans, that are peaceful living with Russians, Bulgarians, gaguzi, Germans and gypsies. The young generations are educated and trained in those 70 educational institutions: 4 high schools, the first one being constructed in 1988 („Constantin Spataru ” High School, being as a pioneer in the high school education implementation), 19 de gymnasiums, 8 middle schools, 36 preschoolers institutions and a professional school. In the city center of Leova also activates an art school, a musician school with branches in other communities and 2 museums.
The industrial sector consists of: 5 factories of grapes producing, a mechanical factory (30% active), a cheese factory (not active), a publishing house, 4 bread producers. In the district also activates: 5 grain mills, 6 maze flour mills, 2 meat processing lines.
The transition period to the market economy is marked in Leova district by the creation of small and medium enterprises. At the moment, there are 11.666 economic agents in the district: 587 individual enterprises, 179 limited responsibility societies, 26 societies on actions, 10.570 peasant farms.
The agricultural land surface is 41 thousands hectares, with crops of: grain, maze, sunflower. It is started the plantation of high surfaces of grapevine, once so important for Leova district. Only in 2005 there were planted 170 hectares with best grapevines.
In the agricultural sector activates: 7 cooperatives of agricultural processing, 25 limited responsibility societies, 4 societies on actions, 5 mix enterprises, over 1000 de peasant farms.
Last but not least, one can mention the valuable natural resources of the district: forests with a total surface of 100 hectares; rivers, as Prut, Sărata, Lăpuşna, Tigheci, springs that represent the district wealth. Under the state protection is the natural reservation „White Swan”, that includes land and water surfaces with a total area of 30 km.
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